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Unit 4 Accounting PART I Fundamentals to Accounting 第一部分 会计基本原理 1.accounting [?'ka?nt??]n. 会计 2.double-entry system 复 式记账法 2-1 Dr.(Debit) 借记 2-2 Cr.(Credit) 贷记(?)n] n. 确认 13-1 initi
al recognition [rek?g'n??(?)n] 初始确认 【讲解】 recognize ['r?k?g'na?z] v. 确认25.loss [l?s] n. 损失 26.Retained earnings 留 存收益 27.Share premium 股本溢 价 28.historical cost 历史 成本 【讲解】 historical [h ? 'st ? r ? k( ? )l] adj. 历史的,历史上的14.measurement ['me ? ? m(?)nt] n. 计量 3.accounting basic assumption 会计基本假设 4.accounting entity 会计 主体 5.going concern 持续经营 6.accounting periods 会 计分期 7.monetary measurement 货币计量 8.accounting basis 会计 基础 9.accrual [?'kr??l] basis 权责发生制 【讲解】 accrual n. 自然增长,权 责发生制原则,应计项目 accrual concept 应计概念 accrue [ ?'kru?] v. 积累, 自然增长或利益增加,产生 10.accounting policies 会计政策 11.substance over form 实质重于形式 12.accounting elements 会计要素 13.recognition [rek ? g'n ?? 21.residual [r ? 'z ? dj ? ? l] equity 剩余权益 22.residual claim 剩余索 取权 23.capital ['k?p?t(?)l] n. 资本 24.gains [einz] n. 利得 14-1 subsequent ['s ? bs ? kw(?)nt] measurement 后续 计量 15.asset ['?set] n. 资产 16.liability [la??'b?l?t?] n. 负债 17.owners’ equity 所有 者权益 18.shareholder’s equity 股东权益 19.expense [?k' ek-] n. 费用 20.profit ['pr?f?t] n. 利润historic [h ? 'st ? r ? k] adj. 有历史意义的, 历史上著名 的28-1 replacement [r ? 'ple ? sm(?)nt] cost 重置成本 29.Balance Sheet/Statement of Financial Position 资产 负债表 29-1 Income Statement 利 润表 29-2 Cash Flow Statement 现金流量表 29-3 Statement of changes in owners’equity (or shareholders’equity) 所有者权益(股东权益)变 动表 29-4 notes [n??ts] n. 附 注1 场 40.quotation [kw ? ( ? )'te ?? (?)n]n. 报价 41.financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 以公允价 值计量且其变动计入当期 损益的金融资产 41-1 those designated as at fair value through profit or loss 指定为以 公允价值计量且其变动计 入当期损益的金融资产 41-2 financial assets held for trading 交易性 金融资产 42.financial liability 金融负债 43.transaction costs 交 易费用 43-1 incremental external cost 新增的外部 费用 【讲解】 incremental [ ? nkr ? 'm ? ntl] adj. 增量的,增值的PART II Financial Assets* 第二部分 金融资产* 30.financial assets 金融 资产 e.g. A financial instrument is any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one enterprise and a financial liability or equity instrument of another enterprise. 【讲解】 give rise to 引起,导致arising from fair value changes 公 允 价 值 变 动 损 益 46.Held-to-maturity investments 持 有 至 到 期 投资 47.amortized cost 摊余成 本 【讲解】 amortized [?'m?:taizd] adj. 分期偿还的,已摊销的48.effective rate 实际利率interest49.loan [l??n] n. 贷款 50.receivables [ri'si:v?blz] n. 应收账款 51.available-for-sale financial assets 可供出 售金融资产 52.impairment of financial assets 金融资 产减值 52-1 impairment loss of financial assets 金融资 产减值损失 53.transfer of financial assets 金融资产转移 53-1 transfer of the financial asset in its entirety 金融资产整体转 移 53-2 transfer of a part of the financial asset 金融 资产部分转移 54.derecognition [di?'rek? g'n???n] n. 终止确认,撤31.cash on hand 库存现金 32.bank deposits [d?'p?z? t] 银行存款 33.A/R, account receivable 应收账款 34.notes receivable 应收 票据 35.others receivable 其 他应收款项 36.equity investment 股 权投资 37.bond investment 债券 投资 38.derivative financial instrument 衍生金融工具 39.active market 活跃市44.cash dividend declared but not distributed 已 宣 告 但 尚 未发放的现金股利 投资收益 45.profit and loss2 销承认 recognition 54-1 derecognize [di?'rek? gna?z] v. 撤销承认 e.g. An enterprise shall derecognize a financial liability (or part of it) only when the underlying present obligation (or part of it) is discharged/cancelled. 【译】金融负债的现时义务 全部或部分已经解除的,才 能终止确认该金融负债或 其一部分。 【讲解】 (1) 前缀 de-, 意为 “除去、 取消、否定、非、相反”gna?z] n. 商品 61.cost of inventory 存 货成本 62.cost of purchase 采购 成本 63.cost of conversion [k ?n'v???(?)n]加工成本 64.production 制造费用 overhead65.storage ['st ? ?r ? d ? ] costs 仓储成本 66.FIFO method, first in first out method 先进先 出法 67.provision for impairment of inventory 存货跌价准备 67-1 reverse of provision for impairment of inventory 存 货 跌 价 准 备 转回 【讲解】 reverse [r?'v??s] n. 相反, 背面,倒退,失败 adj. 后 面的,颠倒的 v. 颠倒,倒 转,倒退 68.NRV, net realizable ['rila ? z ? bl]value 可变现净 值 69.loss of inventories discovered in an inventory counting 存货 盘亏 70.losses or damages of inventories 存货损毁 PART IV Long-term Equity Investments* 第四部分 长期股权投资*71.long-term equity investments 长 期 股 权 投 资 72.business combination 企业合并 73.jointly controlled enterprise/joint venture 合营企业 74.equity securities 权 益性证券 75.ownership level 所有 权比例 76.affiliated companies 关联公司 【讲解】 affiliate [?'f?l?e?t] n. 联 号,隶属的机构 v. 使附 属,接纳,加入,发生联系 77.associate[?'s????e?t; -s ?e?t] n.联营企业 78.joint control 共同控 制 79.significant [s ? g'n ? f ? k( ? )nt] influence [' ? nfl ?? ns] 重大影响 80.investee [in,ves'ti] n. 被投资企业 81.cost method 成本法 82.non-cash assets 非现 金资产 83.initial investment cost 初始投资成本 84.book value 账面价值 85.long-term equity investment acquired by paying cash 以支付现金取 得的长期股权投资(2)discharge [d?s't??d?] n. 排放, 卸货, 解雇 v. 解 雇,写下,免除 (3)cancel ['k?ns(?)l] n. n.取消 v. 取消,删去 PART III Inventory 第三部分 存货 55.inventory ['?nv(?)nt(?)r ?] n. 存货 56.finished goods 产成品 57.WIP, work in progress 在产品 58.raw materials 原材料 59.semi-finished goods 半成品 60.merchandize [di?'rek ?3 【讲解】 acquire [ ? 'kwa ?? ] v. 获 得,取得,学到95.lump sum payment 整笔 付款,一次总付,一次总算 【讲解】 lump [l ? mp] n. 块,块状 adj. 成团的,总共的 v. 混在一起,使成块状 96.delivery cost 运输费 【讲解】 delivery [d?'l?v(?)r?] n. 交 付,交货,递送 97.handling costs 装卸费 【讲解】 handling ['h?ndl??] n. 处 理 adj. 操作的 98.installation costs 安 装费 【讲解】 installation [ ? nst ? 'le ? ? (?)n]n. 安装,装置,就职 99.packing charges 包装 费 100.professional fees 专 业人员服务费 101.costs of abandoning the asset at the end of its use 弃置费用 【讲解】 abandon [ ? 'b?nd( ? )n] v. 遗弃,放弃 102.depreciation [d ?,pri?? ?'e??(?)n; -s?'e?-] n. 折旧102-1 accumulated depreciation 累计折旧 102-2 original cost 原值 103.estimated net residual value 预计净残 值 104.depreciable amount 应计折旧额86.long-term equity investment acquired by the issue of equity securities 以发行权益性 证券方式取得的长期股权 投资 87.reliable measurement/ be reliably measured 可 靠计量 88.fair value of identifiable net assets 可辨认净资产公允价值 89.disposal [dis'p ? uz ? l] of long-term equity investment 长期股权投资 的处置 PART V Non-Current Assets 第五部分 固定资产 90.fixed assets 固定资产 91.useful life/service life 使用寿命 92.tangible assets 有形 资产 93.purchased fixed assets 外购固定资产 94.self-constructed fixed asset 自行建造105.provision for impairment 减值准备 106.non-physical deterioration 无形损耗 【讲解】 deterioration [di,ti?ri?'rei??n] n. 恶 化, 退化 106-1 physical wear and tear 有形损耗 【讲解】 (1)wear n. 穿着,磨损, 耐久性 v. 穿着,用旧,耗 损 (2)tear n. 眼泪, (撕破 的)洞或裂缝,撕扯 107.depreciation rate 折 旧率 108.depreciation method 折旧方法 e.g. A change in the useful life or estimated net residual value of a fixed asset or the depreciation method used shall be accounted for a change in an accounting estimate. 【译】固定资产使用寿命、4 预计净残值和折旧方法的 改变应当作为会计估计变 更。 108-1 straight-line method 年限平均法 108-2 units of production method 工作量法 108-3 the double declining balance method 双倍余额递减法 108-4 the sum-of-the-years-digits method 年数总和法 108-5 accelerated depreciation 加速折旧PART VII Investment Property 第七部分 投资性房地产 120.investment Property 投资性房地产 121.a land use right that is leased out 已出租的土 地使用权 【讲解】 (1)land use right 土地 使用权 (2)lease out 出租 121-1 a building that is leased out 已出租的建筑 物 122.a land use right held for transfer upon capital appreciation 持 有并准备增值后转让的土 地使用权 123.owner-occupied property 自用房地产 【讲解】 occupy ['?kj?pa?] v. 占据,114.self-generated goodwill 自创商誉 115.amortization of intangible assets 无形资 产摊销 116.intangible assets with uncertain useful life 使用寿命不确定的无 形资产 116-1 indefinite [?n'def?n?t] useful life不确定的使用寿命109.subsequent expenditure 后续支出 110.disposal of fixed assets 固定资产处置 111.losses of fixed assets discovered in an asset count 固定资产盘亏 PART VI Intangible Assets 第六部分 无形资产 112.intangible assets 无 形资产 113.expenditure on research and development (R&D) 研究开发费用116-2 finite useful life 有限的使用寿命 【讲解】 finite['fa?na?t] adj. 有限 的,限定的 n. 有限之物 117.disposal of intangible assets 无形资 产的处置 118.sales of intangible assets 无形资产出售 119.retirements of intangible asset 无形资 产的报废占领,占有 124.property held as inventories 作 为 存 货 的 房地产 125.purchased investment property 外购投资性房地 产 125-1 self-constructed investment property 自行 建造投资性房地产 126.cost model for subsequent measurement of investment property 采用成本模式进行后续计 量的投资性房地产 126-1 fair value model for subsequent measurement of5 investment property 采用 公允价值模式进行后续计 量的投资性房地产 【讲解】 subsequent ['s ? bs ?PART VIII Impairment of * Assets * 第八部分 资产减值 129.impairment of assets 资产减值 【讲解】 impairment [?m'p?rm?nt] n. 损害,伤害 129-1 impairment loss for an asset 资产减值损失 129-2 recognizing an impairment loss for an asset 资 产 减值 损失 的确 认 130.recoverable amount 可收回金额 【讲解】 recoverable [r ? 'k ? v ? r ? bl]adj. 可收回的,可补偿 的,可恢复的 130-1 measuring recoverable amount of an asset 资 产 可回 收金 额的 计量 e.g. The recoverable amount of an asset is the higher of its fair value less costs to sell and the present value of the future cash flows expected to be derived from the asset. 【译】可收回金额应当根据 资产的公允价值减去处置 费用后的净额与资产预计 未来现金流量的现值两者 之间较高者确定。 131.indicators of assets impairment 资产减值的迹象 【讲解】 indicator [' ? nd ? ke ? t ? ]n. 指标,指示器 131-1 testing of assets impairment 资产减值的测 试 132.internal transferring price 内部 转移价格 133.asset group 资产组 134.impairment testing for corporate assets/to test corporate assets for impairment 总部资产 的减值测试 134-1 corporate assets 总部资产 135.goodwill/business reputation 商誉 e.g. Where the recoverable amount of an asset group or a set of asset groups is less than its carrying amount (that carrying amount shall include the allocated portion of any goodwill and corporate asset, if goodwill and corporate asset are allocated to that asset group or set of asset groups), impairment loss shall be recognized accordingly. 【译】资产组或者资产组组 合的可收回金额低于其账 面价值的(总部资产和商誉 分摊至某资产组或者资产 组组合的,该资产组或者资 产组组合的账面价值应当 包括相关总部资产和商誉 的分摊额) ,应当确认相应kw(?)nt]adj. 后来的, 随后 的 e.g. For investment property accounted for using the fair value model, a change from the fair value model to the cost model is not permitted. 127.transfer [tr?ns'f??; tr ?ns-; -nz-]n. 转换 128.date of transfer 转 换日 e.g. For a transfer from investment property carried at the fair value model to owner-occupied property, its fair value at the date of transfer is regarded as the carrying amount of the owner-occupied property. The difference between the fair value and the original carrying amount is recognized in profit or loss for the current period. 【译】采用公允价值模式计 量的投资性房地产转换为 自用房地产时,应当以其转 换当日的公允价值作为自 用房地产的账面价值,公允 价值与原账面价值的差额 计入当期损益。6 的减值损失。 136.carrying amount 账面 价值 e.g. The carrying amount of an impaired asset shall not be reduced to an amount below the highest of the three items below: (i) its fair value less costs to sell (if determinable); (ii) its present value of future cash flows (if determinable); and (iii) zero. 【译】抵减后的各资产的账 面价值不得低于以下三者 之中最高者:该资产的公允 减值减去处置费用后的净 额(如可确定的) 、该资产 预计未来现金流量的现值 (如可确定的)和零。 137.an arm ’ s length transaction 公平交易 138.projection [pr?'d?ek? ( ? )n] of cash flows 现金 流预计 139.provision for impairment loss of the asset 资产减值损失计提 【讲解】 provision [pr?'v??(?)n] n. 准备,条款,规定,供应, (会计上)预计负债PART IX Liabilities & Equities 第九部分 负债和所有者权 益 140.current liability 流 动负债 141.non-current liability 非流动负债 142.short-term loan 短期 借款 142-1 long-term loan 长 期借款 143.accounts payable and receipts in advance 应付 及预收款项 【讲解】 receipt [r?'si?t]n. 收到143-1 notes payable 应付 票据 143-2 debenture payables 应付债券 143-3 current portion of non-current liability 一 年内到期的非流动负债 【讲解】 portion ['p ??? ( ? )n] n. 部 分,一份 v.分配,给?? 嫁妆 143-4 interest payable 应付利息 143-5 dividend payable 应付股利 144.tax payable 应交税费 145.employee benefits payable 应付职工薪酬 146.other payables 其他 应付款 147.long-term payables 长期应付款 148.deferred tax liabilities 递 延 所 得 税 负债 149.purchase assets by deferred payment with the substance of financing 具 有 融 资 性 质 的眼前付款购买资产 150.equity instrument 权 益工具7 151.paid-in capital (or share capital) 实收资本 (或股本) 【讲解】 paid-in['peid'in] adj. (会 费、税款等)已缴纳的库,金库,财政部(若 T 为 大写一般指的是美国的财 政部门。) PART X Revenue, Expense * and Profit 第十部分 收入,费用和利 * 润产使用权收入 161.cash discount 现金折 扣 161-1 trade discount 商业 折扣 161-2 sales allowance[?'la ??ns] 销售折让 162.sales return 销售退 回 163.sales by installments with the substance of financing 具有融资性质的分期收款 销售商品 164.consignment sales 委 托代销 【讲解】 consignment [k ? n'sa ?160.revenue ['rev?nju?] n. 收入 (辨析: income 意为收 益,gains 则通常指资本利 得,因此这三种表达收入的 关系为:income = revenue + gains) e.g. The amount of revenue arising from the sale of goods shall be determined in accordance with the consideration received or receivable from the buyer under contract or agreement is not fair. 【译】企业应当按照从购货 方己收或应收的合同或协 议价款确定商品销售收入 金额,己收或应收的合同或 协议价款显失公允的除外。 160-1 revenue from the sale of goods 销售商品收 入 160-2 revenue from the rendering of services 提 供劳务收入 【讲解】 render ['rend?] v. 提出, 致使,给予补偿 n. 交纳, 打底,粉刷 160-3 revenue arising from the use by others of enterprise assets 让渡资152.capital reserves 资 本公积 153.surplus ['s ? ?pl ? s] reserves 盈余公积 154.unappropriated profit 未分配利润 155.minority interests 少数股东权益 156.non-derivative financial instrument 非 衍生金融工具 157.hybrid instrument 混 合工具 【讲解】 hybrid ['ha ? br ? d] n. 混合 物,杂种,混血儿 adj. 混 合的,杂种的 158.issue at premium 溢 价发行 158-1 issue at discount 折价发行 158-2 issue at par 面值 发行 159.treasury shares 库存 股 【讲解】 treasury ['tre?(?)r?] n. 国nm(?)nt] n. 委托,运送, 托运 165.delivery of payment in advance 预售款销售166.installment sales 分 期收款销售 167.collection with acceptance 托收承付8 完工百分比法 174.BOT, building, operation and transfer 建设经营移交方式 175.public infrastructure construction 公共基础设 施建设 176.construction [k? n'str ? k ? ( ? )n] contract 建造合 168.sales attached return conditions 附有销 售退回条件的商品销售 同 176-1 revenue from construction contract 建 造合同收入 177.fixed price contract 固定造价合同 177-1 cost plus contract 成本加成合同 178.segmenting and combining of construction contract 建 筑合同的分立与合并 179.construction of additional assets 追加资 产的建造 180.incentive payments 奖励款 【讲解】 incentive [ ? n'sent ? v]adj. 刺激的,激励的 n. 动机, 刺激 180-1 claim 索赔款 181.the proportion that actual contract costs incurred to date bear to the estimated total contract costs 根据累计 实际发生的合同成本占合 同预计总成本的比例确定 【讲解】 ( 1 ) proportion [pr ? 'p ???(?)n] n. 比例,部分,面积 v. 使成比例,使均衡 ( 2 ) incur [? n'k ??] v. 招 致,引发,蒙受 181-1 the proportion that completed contract work bears to the estimated total contract work 根据 已经完成的合同工作量占 合同预计总工作量的比例 确定 【讲解】 bear [be?] v. 具有 (相似 之处或关系) 181-2 surveys [s?'ve?] of the work performed 根据 实际测定的完工进度确定 182.finance costs 财务费 用 183.prime operating revenue 主营业务收入 183-1 Non-operating revenue 营业外收入 183-2 Non-operating expenses 营业外支出 PART XI Financial Reports 第十一部分 财务报告 184.financial reporting 财务报告 184-1 interim financial statements 中期财务报表 184-2 annual financial statements 年度财务报表 184-3 individual financial statements/respective [r169.sales and repurchase [ri:'p?:t??s] 售后回购 170.sales and leaseback ['li:sb?k]售后租回 171.sales by old for new services 以旧换新销售 172.award customers bonus points 授予客户奖 励积分 【讲解】 (1)award [?'w??d] v. 授 予,判定 n. 奖品,判决 (2)bonus ['b??n?s]n. 奖 金,红利,额外津贴 173.percentage [p?'sent?d ? ] of completion method9 ? 'spekt ? v]financialadj. 累积的,积累的 197.contingency [k?n't?nd ?(?)ns?] n. 或有事项 198.pending litigation or pending arbitration 未决诉讼或未决仲裁 【讲解】 ( 1 ) pending ['pend ? ?] adj. 未决定的 , 行将发生 的 prep. 在??期间,直 到??时为止 ( 2 ) litigation [l ? t ? 'ge ?? (?)n] n. 诉讼,起诉 (3)arbitration [?b?'tre ??(?)n] n. 仲裁;公断 199.debt guarantee 债务 担保 【讲解】 guarantee [g?r(?)n'ti?] n. 194.segment reporting 分 部报告 【讲解】 segment ['segm( ? )nt] n. 段,部分 v. 分割 195.identification of business segment 经营分 部的认定 196.disclosure for related party 关联方披露 196-1 disclosure for financial instrument 金 融工具的披露 PART XII Contingencies 第十二部分 或有事项 保证,担保,保证人,保证 书,抵押品 v. 保证,担保statements 个别财务报表 184-4 consolidated financial statements 合 并财务报表 【讲解】 consolidate [k?n's?l?de?t] v. 巩固,使固定,合并 185.offset mutually 相互 抵消 186.mutual offset not allowed 不得相互抵消 187.reporting period 报 告期间 188.cash flows from operating activities 经 营活动产生的现金流量 188-1 cash flows from investing activities 投 资活动产生的现金流量 188-2 cash flows from financing activities 筹 资活动产生的现金流量 189.direct method 直接法 189-1 indirect method 间 接法 190.other comprehensive income 其他综合收益 【讲解】 comprehensive [k ? mpr ? 'hens?v] adj. 综合的, 广泛 的,有理解力的 n.专业综 合测验 191.cumulative effect of changes in accounting policies and corrections of errors 会计政策变更和 差错更正的累积影响金额 【讲解】 cumulative ['kju?mj? l ? t ? v] 192.capital contributions by owners and profit distributions to owners 所有者投入资本 和向所有者分配利润 193.items of gains and losses recognized directly in owners’ equity and the total of these items 直接计入所有 者权益的利得和损失项目 及其总额200.product quality warrants 产品质量保证 【讲解】 warrant ['w ? r( ? )nt] n. 根10 据,证明,正当理由,认股 权证, 权证 v. 保证, 担保, 批准(?)n] n.预计负债 206.potential obligation 潜在义务 206-1 present obligation 现时义务 207.probable ['pr?b?b(?)l]PART XIII Exchange of Non-Monetary Assets 第十三部分 非货币性资产 交换 210.exchange of non-monetary assets 非货 币性资产交换 210-1 monetary assets 货 币性资产 211.boot [bu?t] n.补价 211-1 pay boot 支付补价 211-2 receive boot 收到 补价 mercial substance 商业实质 213.assets received 换入 资产 213-1 assets given up 换 出资产 PART XIV Debt Restructurings 第十四部分 债务重组 214.debt restructurings 债务重组 214-1 concession [k?n'se? (?)n]n. 让步 214-2 court judgment 法 院裁定 215.contingent payable 或有应付金额 215-1 contingent receivable 或有应收金额 216.transfer of assets in settlement of a debt 以 资产清偿债务 【讲解】 settlement ['set(?)lm(?)nt]11201.onerous contract 亏 损合同 【讲解】 onerous [' ?? n( ? )r ? '? n-] adj. 繁重的,麻烦的,负 有义务的,负有法律责任的 201-1 executory contract 待执行合同 【讲解】 executory [ ?
'zekj ? t ? r ? ] adj. 实施中的,未生效的, 行政上adj. 很可能 207-1 possible ['pr ? b ? b(?)l] adj. 可能 207-2 remote [r?'m??t] adj. 极小可能 207-3 virtually certain 基本确定 【讲解】 virtual ['v??tj??l] adj. 有 效的,虚拟的,实质上的, 事实上的202.restructuring obligations 重组义务 mitment [k ? 'm ? tm(?)nt] n. 承诺, 承诺事项 204.environmental pollution [p ? 'lu? ? ( ? )n] restore 环境污染治理 205.contingent liabilities 或有负债 205-1 contingent assets 或有资产 205-2 provision [pr ? 'v ??208.legal obligation 法 定义务 208-1 constructive obligation 推定义务 【讲解】 constructive [k?n'str?kt?v] adj. 建设性的,推定的, 构造上的209.best estimates 最佳 估计数 n. 结算,解决,处理,殖 民217.Conversion of debt into capital 债务转为资 本 【讲解】 (1)convert [k?n'v??t] v. 使转变,转换 (2)conversion n. 转换, 变换, (金融)兑换 ( 3 ) conversion into 转 换成 ( 4 ) satisfaction [s?t? s'f?k?(?)n] n. 满意,满足, 赔偿延收益 e.g. A government grant related to an asset shall be recognized as deferred income, and evenly amortized to profit or loss over the useful life of the related asset. However, a government grant measured at a nominal amount shall be recognized immediately in profit or loss for the current period. 【讲解】 evenly ['i:v?nli] adv. 均匀 地,平衡地,平等地还 221-3 free assign of non-monetary assets 无偿 划拨非货币性资产 【讲解】 assign [?'sa?n] v. 分配, 指派,将财产过户(尤指过 户给债权人) PART XVI Borrowing Costs 第十六部分 借款费用 222.borrowing costs 借款 费用 223.discounts or premiums related to borrowings/discount or premium on a borrowing 借 款折价或溢价 224.ancillary costs 辅助 费用 【讲解】 ancillary [?n's?l?r?] adj. 辅助的,从属的,副的PART XV Government Grants 第十五部分 政府补助 218.government grants 政 府补助 218-1 deferred income 递219.government grants related to assets 与资产 相关的政府补助 219-1 government grants related to income 与收益 相关的政府补助 220.income method 收益法 220-1 capital method 资 本法 220-2 total amount method 总额法 220-3 net amount method 净额法 221.financial appropriation 财政拨款 221-1finance-funded interest 财政贴息 221-2 tax returns 税收返225.specific-purpose borrowing 专门借款 226.general-purpose borrowing 一般借款 227.capitalization period 资本化期间 e.g. Capitalization period is the period from the date of commencement of capitalization of borrowing costs to the date of cessation of capitalization,12 excluding any period over which capitalization is suspended. 【译】资本化期间,是指从 借款费用开始资本化时点 到停止资本化时点的期间, 借款费用暂停资本化的期 间不包括在内。of borrowing costs 借款 费用停止资本化 【讲解】 cease [si?s] v. 停止,终止 231.acquire, construct or produce qualifying assets 购建或者生产符合 资本化条件的资产 PART XVII Share-Based Payment* 第十七部分 股份支付* 232.share-based payment 股份支付 233.grant date 授予日 233-1 vesting date 可行 权日 233-2 exercise date 行权 日 233-3 vesting period 等 待期 【讲解】 vest [vest] v.归属,(财产、去分词构成。【讲解】 ( 1 ) capitalize ['k?pit? laiz] v. 使资本化,以大写 字母写,估计??的价值 ( 2 ) commencement [k ? 'mensm?nt] n. 开始,发端 (3) cessation [se'se??(?)n] n. 停止,终止228.capitalization of borrowing costs 借款费用 资本化 229.suspend capitalization of borrowing costs 借款费用 暂停资本化 230.cease capitalization权利等)授予,赐予;赋予 234.market condition 市 场条件 235.performance condition 业绩条件 236.equity-settled share-based payment 以权 益结算的股份支付 【讲解】 英语构词方法主要有三种: 即合成法、派生法和转化 法。所谓合成法,即将两个 或两个以上的单词合成在 一起而构成新词,该新词做 合成词。 equity-settled , share-based payment 都属 于合成形容词,由名词 +过237.share option 股票期 权 238.the recognition and measurement of share-based payment in exchange for services received from the employees 换 取 职 工 服 务 的股份支付的确认和计量 【讲解】 in exchange for 作为?? 的交换 239.SARs, share appreciation rights 股票 增值权 239-1 cash share appreciation rights 现金 股票增值权 240.the date of settlement 结算日 241.remaining contractual life 合同剩 余期限 242.fair value of liability 负 债 的 公 允 价 值 243.vesting conditions 可行权条件 PART XVIII Income Taxes 第十八部分 所得税 244.income taxes 所得税 245.tax base 计税基础 246.tax base of an asset 资产的计税基础 247.tax base of a liability 负 债 的 计 税 基 础13 248.the liability method (资产负债表)债务法 249.temporary ['temp(?)r?译,转换 translate [tr?ns'le ?PART XX Foreign Lease 第二十部分 租赁tr?ns-; -nz-] v. 翻译,转 r ? ]differences 暂 时 性 差 异 249-1 permanent ['p ? 化,转变为265.lease [li?s]n. 租赁 266.lessor [le's??; 'les??]n. 出租人 266-1 lessee [le'si:] n. 承?m(? )n ? nt]differences 永 久性差异 249-2 taxable temporary differences 应 纳 税 暂 时 性差异 249-3 deductible [d?'d?kt ? b( ? )l] temporary租人 267.lease term 租赁期 268.the inception of the lease 租赁开始日 【讲解】 inception [?n'sep? (? )n] n. 开始,开端 269.the commencement of the lease term 租赁期开 始日 270.rental revenue 租金 收入 271.guaranteed residual value 担保余值 272.unguaranteed residual value 未担保余 值 273.minimum lease payments (MLP) 最低租赁 付款额 274.contingent rent 或有 租金 275.costs for services 履约成本 276.minimum lease receipts 最低租赁收款额 277.initial direct cost 初始直接费用 278.finance lease 融资租 赁 279.operating lease 经营 租赁 280.interest ratedifferences 可 抵 扣 暂 时 性差异 250.deferred tax asset 递延所得税资产 250-1 deferred tax liability 递延所得税负债 251.current income taxes 当期所得税 252.taxable profit 应纳 税所得额 253.tax credit 税款抵减 254.deductible loss 可抵 扣亏损 255.applicable tax rates 适用税率 PART XIX Foreign Currency Translation 第十九部分 外币折算 256.foreign currency translation 外币折算 【讲解】 Translation [tr?ns'le ? ? (?)n; tr?ns-; -nz-] n. 翻257.functional currency 记账本位币,功能性货币 258.foreign currency transaction 外币交易 259.foreign operation 境 外经营 260.an exchange rate that approximates the actual spot exchange 即期汇率的 近似汇率 【讲解】 approximate [?'pr?ks?m?t] v. 近似,接近于,近似于 adj. 近似的,大概的 261.monetary items 货币 性项目 262.non-monetary items 非货币性项目 263.translation of the financial statements of a foreign operation 境外 经营财务报表的折算 264.translation differences 折算差额14 implicit in the lease 租 赁内含利率 281.effective interest method 实际利率法 282.sale and lease back transactions 售后租回交 易 PART XXI Changes in Accounting Policies and Accounting Estimates and Corrections of Errors 第二十一部分 会计政策、 会计估计变更和差错更正 283.accounting policies 会计政策 284.changes in accounting policies 会计 政策变更 285.measurement base 计 量基础 286.retrospective application 追溯调整法 【讲解】 retrospective [retr ?利事项 295-1 unfavorable events 不利事项 296.adjusting events 调 整事项 289.changes in accounting estimates 会 计估计变更 290.prior period errors 前期差错 291.corrections of prior period errors 前期差错更 正 292.retrospective restatement 追溯重述法 e.g. An enterprise shall correct material prior period errors by retrospective restatement unless it is impracticable to determine the cumulative effect of the prior period errors. 【译】企业应当采用追溯重 述法更正重要的前期差错, 但确定前期差错累积影响 数不切实可行的除外。 PART XXII Events after the Balance Sheet Date 第二十二部分 资产负债表 日后事项 293.events after the balance sheet date 资产 负债表日后事项 294.the date when the financial report is authorized for issue 财 务报告批准报出日 295.favorable events 有 PART XXIII Business Combinations* 第二十三部分 企业合并* 297.business combination 企业合并 298.business combination involving enterprises under common control 同 一控制下的企业合并 e.g. A business combination involving enterprises under common control is a business combination in which all of the combining enterprises are ultimately controlled by the same party or parties both before and after the combination, and that control is not transitory. 【讲解】 transitory ['tr?ns? t( ? )r ? ; 'tr?ns-; -nz-] adj. 短暂的, 暂时的,瞬息的 299.acquirer [?'kwa?r?] n. 购买方 299-1(?)'spekt?v] adj. 回顾的, 怀旧的,可追溯的 287.cumulative effect of a change in accounting policy 会计政策变更累积 影响数 288.prospective application 未来适用法 【讲解】 prospective [pr ? 'spekt ? v] adj. 未来的,预期的 n.预 期,展望acquiree[?'kwa?ri?]n. 被购买方 300.acquisition date 购 买日 bining party 合并15 方 301-1 combined party 被 合并方301-2 combining date 合 并日 302.business combination achieved in stages 通过 多次交易分步实现的企业 合并 e.g. for a business combination achieved in stages that involve multiple exchange transactions, the cost of combination is the aggregate of the costs of individual transactions. 【译】通过多次交换交易分 步实现的企业合并,合并成 本为每一单项交易成本之 和。 【讲解】 ( 1 ) multiple ['m ? lt ? p(?)l]adj. 多重的, 多样的, 许多的 n. 倍数 (2) aggregate ['?gr?g?t] n. 合计,总计,集合体 adj. 集合的,合计的 v. 集合, 聚集,合计 303.fair value of the acquiree’sidentifiable net assets 被购买方可辨认净资产公 允价值 【讲解】 acquiree n. 被购买方,被 收购者 304.negative goodwill 负 商誉 305.adjusting entries 调 整分录 PART XXIV Consolidated Financial Statements* 第二十四部分 合并财务报 表* 306.consolidated financial statements 合 并财务报表 306-1 consolidated Balance Sheet/Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 合并资产负债表 306-2 consolidated Income Statement 合并利 润表 306-3 consolidated Statement of changes in owners ’ equity (or shareholders’ equity)合 并所有者权益变动表(合并 股东权益变动表) 306-4 consolidated cash flow statement 合并现金 流量表 e.g.The consolidated cash flow statement shall be prepared by the parent by combining the cash flow statements of the parent and its subsidiaries , after eliminating the effects of intragrouptransactions , i.e.transactions between the parent and its subsidiaries and transactions between subsidiaries , on the consolidated cash flow statement. 【译】合并现金流量表应当 以母公司和子公司的现金 流量表为基础,在抵销母公 司与子公司、子公司相互之 间发生的内部交易对合并 现金流量表的影响后,由母 公司合并编制。 307.parent company 母公 司 308.on the basis of control 以控制为基础 309.intra-group transactions 集团内部交 易 e.g. The consolidated balance sheet shall be prepared by the parent by combining the balance sheets of the parent and its subsidiaries, after eliminating the effects of intra-group transactions, i.e. transactions between the parent and its subsidiaries and transactions between subsidiaries, on the consolidated balance sheet. 【译】合并资产负债表应当 以母公司和子公司的资产 负债表为基础,在抵销母公 司与子公司、子公司相互之 间发生的内部交易对合并 资产负债表的影响后,由母16 公司合并编制。 【讲解】 前 缀 intra- 意 为 “ 内, within ” ,与之相对的是 extra- , 意 为 “ 外 , outside” 。【讲解】 dilute [da ? 'l(j)u?t; d ? -]v. 310.unrealized profits or losses resulting from intra-group sales 未实现 内部销售损益 311.provisions for doubtful debts 坏账准备 311-1 provisions for impairment losses on investments in debt securities 债券投资的减 值准备 PART XXV Earnings Per Share 第二十五部分 每股收益 312.earnings per share (EPS) 每股收益 312-1 basic earnings per share 基本每股收益 312-2 diluted earnings per share 稀释每股收益 313.dilutive [da ? 'lju?t ? v] adj. 稀释性的 313-1 anti-dilutive adj. 反稀释性的 稀释,冲淡,削弱 adj.稀 释的,淡的 dilutive [da ? 'lju?t ? v]adj. 稀释的, (公司股票)冲减 每股收益的 前缀 anti-, 通常意为 “反, 反抗”potential ordinary shares issued in previous periods shall be deemed to have been converted at the beginning of the current period. Dilutive potential ordinary shares issued during the current period shall be deemed to have been converted on their issue date. 【译】计算稀释性潜在普通 股转换为已发行普通股而 增加的普通股股数的加权 平均数时,以前期间发行的 稀释性潜在普通股,应当假 设在当期期初转换;当期发 行的稀释性潜在普通股,应 当假设在发行日转换。 316.EPS formula EPS 公式 316-1 EPS =每股收益=314.potential ordinary share 潜在普通股 315.dilutive potential ordinary shares 稀释性潜 在普通股 e.g. For the purpose of calculating the weighted average number of ordinary shares that would be issued on the conversion of dilutive potential ordinary shares, dilutive316-2 weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding = number of ordinary shares outstanding at the beginning of the period + number of ordinary shares issued during the period ×the period outstanding ÷ length of reporting period C number of ordinary shares repurchased during the17 period × the period repurchased ÷ length of reporting period 发行在外普通股加权平均 数 = 期初发行在外普通股 股数 + 当期新发行普通股 股数 × 已发行时间÷ 报 告期时间 - 当期回购普 通股股数 × 已回购时间 ÷ 报告其时间 317.additional number of ordinary shares 增加的普 通股股数 317-1 additional number of ordinary shares = number of ordinary shares issuable on exercise of the options or warrants C exercise price × number of ordinary shares issuable on exercise of the options or warrants ÷ average market price of ordinary shares during the current period 增加的普通股股数 = 拟行 权时转换的普通股股数 - 行权价格 × 拟行权时转 换的普通股股数 ÷当期普 通股平均市场价格 317-2 additional number of ordinary shares = repurchase price × number or ordinary shares committed to repurchase ÷ average market price of ordinary shares during the current period - number of ordinary shares committed to repurchase 增加的普通股股数 = 回购 价格 × 承诺回购的普通 股股数 ÷ 当期普通股平 均市场价格 - 承诺回购的普通股股数 318.share option 股份期 权 319.scrip dividend/share dividend 股票股利 320.capitalization of reserves 公积金转增资本 321.share split 拆股 321-1 share consolidation 并股-(本章完)-18
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